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-Culture corner-
> George Washington : 1st President of the United States : 1789- 1797
George Washington (February 22, 1732 [O.S. February 11, 1731]– December 14, 1799)
was the first President of the United States (1789–97), the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He presided over the convention that drafted the current United States Constitution. Washington has been widely hailed, even during his lifetime, as the "father of his country".
was the first President of the United States (1789–97), the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He presided over the convention that drafted the current United States Constitution. Washington has been widely hailed, even during his lifetime, as the "father of his country".
> Nelson Mandela : 1918- 2013 from 18/7/1918 to 5/12/2013
- "If there are dreams about a beautiful South Africa, there are also roads that lead* to their goal*. Two of these roads could be named Goodness* and Forgiveness*." (N. Mandela)
(www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors)
NB: lead (conduire), goal (but), goodness (bonté), forgiveness (pardon), to forgive (pardonner)
- "It always seems impossible until it's done" (N. Mandela)
(www.usatoday.com : 15 of N. Mandela's best quotes (meilleures citations)
> Nelson Mandela : 1918- 2013 from 18/7/1918 to 5/12/2013
- "If there are dreams about a beautiful South Africa, there are also roads that lead* to their goal*. Two of these roads could be named Goodness* and Forgiveness*." (N. Mandela)
(www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors)
NB: lead (conduire), goal (but), goodness (bonté), forgiveness (pardon), to forgive (pardonner)
- "It always seems impossible until it's done" (N. Mandela)
(www.usatoday.com : 15 of N. Mandela's best quotes (meilleures citations)
> Ernest HEMINGWAY : 1899- 1961 (aged 61)
Born 1899, Oak Park, Illinois- died 1961, Ketchum, Idaho, USA
Notable award(s) (récompense(s) : Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (1953) -
Nobel Prize in Literature (1954)
Spouse(s) (épouse(s) : Elizabeth Hadley Richardson: (1921–1927)
Pauline Pfeiffer (1927–1940)
Martha Gellhorn (1940–1945)
Mary Welsh Hemingway (1946–1961)
Children : Jack, Patrick, Gregory
--
Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works. Three novels, four collections of short stories, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.
Works Main article: Ernest Hemingway bibliography
Born 1899, Oak Park, Illinois- died 1961, Ketchum, Idaho, USA
Notable award(s) (récompense(s) : Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (1953) -
Nobel Prize in Literature (1954)
Spouse(s) (épouse(s) : Elizabeth Hadley Richardson: (1921–1927)
Pauline Pfeiffer (1927–1940)
Martha Gellhorn (1940–1945)
Mary Welsh Hemingway (1946–1961)
Children : Jack, Patrick, Gregory
--
Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works. Three novels, four collections of short stories, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.
Works Main article: Ernest Hemingway bibliography
- The Torrents of Spring (1926) - The Sun Also Rises (1926) - A Farewell to Arms (1929) - To Have and Have Not (1937)
- For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) (Pour qui sonne le glas) - Across the River and into the Trees (1950) - The Old Man and the Sea (1952)
- Islands in the Stream (1970, posthumous) - The Garden of Eden (1986, posthumous) -True at First Light (1999, posthumous)
> MARTIN LUTHER KING'S SPEECH "I have a dream"- Posted by IM, on August 28th, 2013
It's 50 years since Martin Luther King gave his celebrated "I have a dream" speech, a pivotal
moment in the civil rights protest of the 1960's.
Le célèbre discours "I have a dream" prononcé par Martin Luther King, c'était il y a 50 ans (1963), un moment déterminant dans la lutte pour les droits civiques des noirs aux USA dans les années 60. 1965 fut marquée par "La Longue Marche" d'Alabama des défenseurs des droits civiques vers sa capitale, Montgomery, avec pour objectif de réclamer l'égalité des droits de vote pour les noirs.
Pasteur et activiste noir militant en faveur des droits civiques de ceux-ci, MLK était pacifique, employait des moyens non-violents. Il fut assassiné le 4 avril 1968 sur le balcon d'un hôtel à Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
PLUS ... USA TODAY, extraits : http://www.usatoday.com/search
/martin%20luther%20king%20specch%2050%20years%20ago/
- Commemorating the 1963 March on Washington
- 50 years later, thousands retrace March on Washington
-Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. dreamed that one day his children would not be judged by the color of their skin. At that 50th Anniversary March on Washington, Martin Luther King III said Trayvon Martin's death proves there is still a long way to go.
- Obama: My speech won't be as 'good' as MLK's Aamer Madhani, USA TODAY 2:25 p.m. EDT August 27, 2013
- President Obama speaks at a ceremony commemorating the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington on Aug. 28 at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington.
- Obama: 'Because they marched, America became more free'
- Thousands celebrate the 'Dream,' call for renewed fight
- Martin Luther King III: We must keep moving forward- Martin Luther King Jr.'s oldest son reflects on his father's vision
- Artists ranging from Nina Simone and John Coltrane to Public Enemy and U2 pay tribute to the civil rights leader in songs spanning nearly 50 years. Edna Gundersen, USA TODAY 7:53 p.m. EDT August 27, 2013. www.usatoday.com, August 28th,2013
- --
> MARTIN LUTHER KING : 1929- 1968. Biography.
Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)
was an American clergyman, activist, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement.
Naissance 15 janvier 1929 -
Atlanta, États-Unis Décès 4 avril 1968 (à 39 ans) - Memphis, États-Unis
Nationalité Américain- Profession Pasteur - Activité principale Militant des droits de l'homme- Écrivain-
Pacifiste- Distinctions Prix Nobel de la paix (1964)
Médaille présidentielle de la liberté (1977)
Médaille d'or du Congrès (2004)
Martin Luther King, Jr. est un pasteur baptiste afro-américain né à Atlanta (Géorgie) le 15 janvier 1929 et mort assassiné le 4 avril 1968 à Memphis (Tennessee).
Militant non violent pour les droits civiques des Noirs aux États-Unis, pour la paix et contre la pauvreté, il organise et dirige des actions telles que le boycott des bus de Montgomery pour défendre le droit de vote, la déségrégation et l'emploi des minorités ethniques. Il prononce un discours célèbre le 28 août 1963 devant le Lincoln Memorial à Washington durant la marche pour l'emploi et la liberté : « I have a dream ».
- - -
> SAINT PATRICK : vers 385 - 461.
Saint Patrick est un saint chrétien fêté le 17 mars. Il est considéré comme l'évangélisateur de l'Irlande et comme le fondateur du christianisme irlandais. Saint Patron de la République d'Irlande (The Republic of Ireland); Après avoir été kidnappé, fait esclave, s'être échappé puis devenu moine en Gaule, il est retourné en Irlande qu'il a évangélisée au 4è siècle après JC.
Plus... Biographie sur la vidéo publiée par le British Council : www.englishforyourself.com
Vidéo sur la fête Saint patrick : youtube "How to be Irish !"
- - -
Saint Patrick est un saint chrétien fêté le 17 mars. Il est considéré comme l'évangélisateur de l'Irlande et comme le fondateur du christianisme irlandais. Saint Patron de la République d'Irlande (The Republic of Ireland); Après avoir été kidnappé, fait esclave, s'être échappé puis devenu moine en Gaule, il est retourné en Irlande qu'il a évangélisée au 4è siècle après JC.
Plus... Biographie sur la vidéo publiée par le British Council : www.englishforyourself.com
Vidéo sur la fête Saint patrick : youtube "How to be Irish !"
- - -
> 06/11/12_ US ELECTIONS : Who will be the winner ?
Qui sera vainqueur?
BARACK OBAMA MITT ROMNEY
Ever wondered what the story was behind these two famous party animals?
The now-famous Democratic donkey was first associated with Democrat Andrew Jackson's 1828 presidential campaign. His opponents called him a jackass (a donkey), and Jackson decided to use the image of the strong-willed animal on his campaign posters. Later, cartoonist Thomas Nast used the Democratic donkey in newspaper cartoons and made the symbol famous.
Nast invented another famous symbol--the Republican elephant. In a cartoon that appeared in Harper's Weekly in 1874, Nast drew a donkey clothed in lion's skin, scaring away all the animals at the zoo. One of those animals, the elephant, was labeled “The Republican Vote.” That's all it took for the elephant to become associated with the Republican Party.
Democrats today say the donkey is smart and brave, while Republicans say the elephant is strong and dignified.
---
Ever wondered what the story was behind these two famous party animals?
The now-famous Democratic donkey was first associated with Democrat Andrew Jackson's 1828 presidential campaign. His opponents called him a jackass (a donkey), and Jackson decided to use the image of the strong-willed animal on his campaign posters. Later, cartoonist Thomas Nast used the Democratic donkey in newspaper cartoons and made the symbol famous.
Nast invented another famous symbol--the Republican elephant. In a cartoon that appeared in Harper's Weekly in 1874, Nast drew a donkey clothed in lion's skin, scaring away all the animals at the zoo. One of those animals, the elephant, was labeled “The Republican Vote.” That's all it took for the elephant to become associated with the Republican Party.
Democrats today say the donkey is smart and brave, while Republicans say the elephant is strong and dignified.
---
Barack OBAMA : the 44th president of the USA
He is 51. He was born in Hawaï, but his father was Kenyan. He lived in Indonesia from the age of six to ten with his mother and stepfather* (beau-père). He is a lawyer and was a senator for the state of Illinois before becominf president. He is married to Michelle, who is also a lawyer. They have two daughters, Malia, 13 and Sasha, 10.
Mitt ROMNEY
He is 65. He is a multi-millionnaire businessman, and was Governor of Massachusetts for four years.He is a Mormon, a strict Christian, and was a missionary in France for two years when he was a teenager. His father was a governor and tried to win the Republican nomination for president, and his mother was a candidate for the Senate.He is married to Ann, and they have five sons and 16 grandchildren* (petits-enfants).
BO's family:
> ROSA PARKS [USA] : 1913- 2005
American civil rights activist. Quote (citation) :
"Each person must live their life as a model for others." ( Rosa Parks)
American civil rights activist. Quote (citation) :
"Each person must live their life as a model for others." ( Rosa Parks)
> MARTIN LUTHER KING [USA] :1929-1968
Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15th, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, USA – April 4th, 1968, assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, USA) was an American clergyman, activist, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience. King has become a national icon in the history of American progressivism.
QUOTES (citations) : "Injustice anywhere is a threat to injustice everywhere". MLK, Jr.
"I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character". MLK, Jr.
Martin Luther King, Jr. est un pasteur baptiste afro-américain né à Atlanta (Géorgie) le 15 janvier 1929 et mort assassiné le 4 avril 1968 à Memphis (Tennessee).
Militant non violent pour les droits civiques des Noirs aux États-Unis, pour la paix et contre la pauvreté, il organise et dirige des actions telles que le boycott des bus de Montgomery pour défendre le droit de vote, la déségrégation et l'emploi des minorités ethniques. Il prononce un discours célèbre le 28 août 1963 devant le Lincoln Memorial à Washington durant la marche pour l'emploi et la liberté : « I have a dream ». Il est soutenu par John F. Kennedy dans la lutte contre la ségrégation raciale aux États-Unis ; la plupart de ces droits seront promus par le « Civil Rights Act » et le « Voting Rights Act » sous la présidence de Lyndon B. Johnson.
Martin Luther King devient le plus jeune lauréat du prix Nobel de la paix en 1964 pour sa lutte non violente contre la ségrégation raciale et pour la paix. Il commence alors une campagne contre la guerre du Viêt Nam et la pauvreté, qui prend fin en 1968 avec son assassinat officiellement attribué à James Earl Ray, dont la culpabilité et la participation à un complot sont toujours débattues.
Il se voit décerner à titre posthume la médaille présidentielle de la liberté par Jimmy Carter en 1977, le prix des droits de l'homme des Nations unies en 1978, la médaille d'or du Congrès en 2004, et est considéré comme l'un des plus grands orateurs américains1. Depuis 1986, le Martin Luther King Day est un jour férié aux États-Unis.
Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15th, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, USA – April 4th, 1968, assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, USA) was an American clergyman, activist, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience. King has become a national icon in the history of American progressivism.
QUOTES (citations) : "Injustice anywhere is a threat to injustice everywhere". MLK, Jr.
"I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character". MLK, Jr.
Martin Luther King, Jr. est un pasteur baptiste afro-américain né à Atlanta (Géorgie) le 15 janvier 1929 et mort assassiné le 4 avril 1968 à Memphis (Tennessee).
Militant non violent pour les droits civiques des Noirs aux États-Unis, pour la paix et contre la pauvreté, il organise et dirige des actions telles que le boycott des bus de Montgomery pour défendre le droit de vote, la déségrégation et l'emploi des minorités ethniques. Il prononce un discours célèbre le 28 août 1963 devant le Lincoln Memorial à Washington durant la marche pour l'emploi et la liberté : « I have a dream ». Il est soutenu par John F. Kennedy dans la lutte contre la ségrégation raciale aux États-Unis ; la plupart de ces droits seront promus par le « Civil Rights Act » et le « Voting Rights Act » sous la présidence de Lyndon B. Johnson.
Martin Luther King devient le plus jeune lauréat du prix Nobel de la paix en 1964 pour sa lutte non violente contre la ségrégation raciale et pour la paix. Il commence alors une campagne contre la guerre du Viêt Nam et la pauvreté, qui prend fin en 1968 avec son assassinat officiellement attribué à James Earl Ray, dont la culpabilité et la participation à un complot sont toujours débattues.
Il se voit décerner à titre posthume la médaille présidentielle de la liberté par Jimmy Carter en 1977, le prix des droits de l'homme des Nations unies en 1978, la médaille d'or du Congrès en 2004, et est considéré comme l'un des plus grands orateurs américains1. Depuis 1986, le Martin Luther King Day est un jour férié aux États-Unis.
> Charles DICKENS [ UK ] :1812-1870
for photos + paintings -> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Dickens
200ème anniversaire en 2012 !
Charles DICKENS was born on February 7th, 1812 in Portsmouth, England, and he died on June 9th, 1870.
He was an English writer and a social critic and he is generally regarded as the greatest novelist* of the Victorian* Period*.
He is also considered as the creator of some of the most memorable fictional fictional characters*.
Dickens left school to work in a factory* after his father was thrown into debtors'* prison. Though* he had little formal education, his early impoverishment* drove him to succeed. He edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights* , education, and other social reforms.
Here are some of his books :
- The Pickwick Papers (1846) , The Adventures of Oliver Twist (1837- 1839), The Life and Adventures of Nickolas Nickleby (1838- 1839),
A Christmas Carol (1843), David Copperfield (1849- 1850), Bleak House (1852- 1853) , A Tale of Two Cities (1859), Great Expectations (1860-1861), etc...
He also wrote short-stories like :
- The Mudfog Papers (1837), The Uncommercial Traveller (1860-1869).
* NOTES: novelist : romancier; Victorian Period : l'Epoque/ l'Ere Victorienne (sous le régne de la Reine Victoria 1837- 1901); character : personnage; factory : usine ; impoverishment : appauvrissement; a debtor : créancier, débiteur; though : bien que ; children's rights : les droits des enfants.
He was an English writer and a social critic and he is generally regarded as the greatest novelist* of the Victorian* Period*.
He is also considered as the creator of some of the most memorable fictional fictional characters*.
Dickens left school to work in a factory* after his father was thrown into debtors'* prison. Though* he had little formal education, his early impoverishment* drove him to succeed. He edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights* , education, and other social reforms.
Here are some of his books :
- The Pickwick Papers (1846) , The Adventures of Oliver Twist (1837- 1839), The Life and Adventures of Nickolas Nickleby (1838- 1839),
A Christmas Carol (1843), David Copperfield (1849- 1850), Bleak House (1852- 1853) , A Tale of Two Cities (1859), Great Expectations (1860-1861), etc...
He also wrote short-stories like :
- The Mudfog Papers (1837), The Uncommercial Traveller (1860-1869).
* NOTES: novelist : romancier; Victorian Period : l'Epoque/ l'Ere Victorienne (sous le régne de la Reine Victoria 1837- 1901); character : personnage; factory : usine ; impoverishment : appauvrissement; a debtor : créancier, débiteur; though : bien que ; children's rights : les droits des enfants.